高考英语语法知识难点：it 与there be的用法
为了帮助同学们备战高考英语，下面整理了《高考复习英语语法知识难点梳理》，供同学们参考。更多精彩尽请关注下北京新东方的高考英语系列课程~ it 与there be的用法 I.要点 1、it的用法 (1)用作人称代词，代替前文提到的无生命的事物，动植物、婴儿及指示代词this， that，如， I have anew pen. It is beautiful. The Brownshave a new baby. It's cute. (2)用来表示时间、天气、距离等，如， It'stwelve o'clock now. It's finetoday. (3)用作引导词，代替由不定式，ing形式或从句表示的真正的主语或宾语，如， It's nogood telling him that. It'snecessary for you to do so. (4)用在强调结构中，构成强调句式：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who/whom +句子其余部分，可强调除谓语以外的句子其他成分，如， It wasthis morning that I saw him in the street. It was Iwho saw him in the street this morning. It was inthe street that I saw him this morning. It was himwhom I saw in the street this morning. 2、there be句型 英语表示某时某处或某物时，常用there be句型，这是一种倒装结构，如， There area lot of students playing on the ground. There isgoing to be a test this afternoon. 当主语有两个或两个以上时，动词be常和最近的那个主语取得一致，如， There is apen and three pencils in the pencil-box. Thereisn't a desk， a bench and three chairs in the room. There arelots of people like it， aren't there？ there be句型，谓语动词除be之外，还可用其他表示存在，位置移动等意义的不及物动词或词组，如exist， stand， lie， enter， come， happen to be，appear to be等，如， Therestands a house at the foot of the hill. there be句型表示“存在”而have表“有”、“拥有”，所以there be中be不能换成have，但当have表示事物的特征时，可用“主语+have”结构替换there be 句型，如： There arefive doors in the house. The househas five doors. there be 的其它句型： 1、There must be a meeting in the office. 2、There have been great changes since 1979. 3、There being no bus， we had to walk home. I.例题 例1____that he went to sleep. A It wasuntil midnight B That was until midnight C It wasnot until midnight D That was not until midnight 解析：该题答案为C。强调until结构时，要将否定词not移到until前。又如：He didn't leave until twelve 改为It was notuntil twelve that he left. 例2Thereare a lot of students ____ in the class room. A talk Btalking C talked D to talk 解析：该题正确答案为B。There be句型为倒装句，可换为A lot of students aretalking in the class room. 又如：There is a lot of noiseheard out in the street.
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